Bloating and wind: what should you know?

Gas can build up when gut bacteria break down carbohydrates, when constipation slows its passage, or when air is swallowed while eating quickly, chewing gum or drinking fizzy drinks. Food Intolerance, Lactose Intolerance, Coeliac Disease and Irritable Bowel Syndrome can also produce bloating and wind. Giardiasis may be relevant after some infections or travel, particularly with diarrhoea.

Eat slowly, chew thoroughly and notice whether fizzy drinks, large portions or particular carbohydrates trigger symptoms. Gentle movement can support bowel activity. Treat constipation with advice from a pharmacist or clinician rather than relying on repeated laxative use. Keep a short diary of meals, stool changes and gas symptoms so patterns are easier to discuss.

Arrange a review if symptoms are new and persistent, interfere with sleep or daily activities, or occur with diarrhoea, constipation, weight loss or fatigue. Get urgent help for severe pain, repeated vomiting, blood or black stool, a rigid swollen abdomen, fainting or inability to pass stool or gas.

Ask whether your bowel pattern suggests constipation, whether testing for intolerance or infection is suitable, and which changes should prompt quicker care.