Bleeding from the cervix after sex

It can be difficult to know at home that the cervix is the source because blood from the vaginal wall or womb may look the same. A speculum examination helps a clinician locate it.

The cervix contains delicate tissue and blood vessels that may bleed on contact. Cervical ectropion, inflammation, a polyp or infection can make contact bleeding more likely. Pregnancy also increases the cervix's blood supply, so pregnancy status changes the assessment.

Cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer can present with bleeding after sex. Postcoital bleeding does not establish either diagnosis, and visual examination plus appropriate testing is needed to distinguish cell changes from other causes.

Make an appointment with primary care, gynaecology or a sexual health service, especially if bleeding happens again. Note whether it began during or after penetration, the amount, pain, discharge, cycle timing, contraception, new partners and any possibility of pregnancy.

An assessment may include a pregnancy test, infection swabs and a speculum examination of the vagina and cervix. Cervical screening checks for cell changes in people who are due or eligible, but it is not a substitute for evaluating current symptoms. Avoid penetrative sex while there is active bleeding or soreness.

Get emergency help if bleeding is heavy or accelerating, you faint or feel markedly dizzy, or you have severe abdominal or pelvic pain. Possible pregnancy combined with bleeding, one-sided pain, shoulder-tip pain or collapse needs immediate assessment for an ectopic pregnancy.

Seek prompt clinical attention when bleeding after sex is repeated, occurs after menopause, or comes with fever, offensive discharge, pelvic pain or pain during intercourse. These features guide the speed of assessment without implying a particular diagnosis.

Ask whether the cervix was clearly the source, whether there is visible inflammation or a polyp, and which infection or cervical cell tests are appropriate. Confirm when results will arrive, whether treatment is needed, and what recurrence should trigger an earlier return.