What should you know about bird flu (avian influenza)?

Avian influenza viruses mainly circulate among birds, but some strains can infect people after close contact with infected animals, their secretions, contaminated surfaces or an unprotected environment. Human illness can range from mild, flu-like symptoms to serious lung infection. Fever, chills, cough, headache, fatigue and feeling generally unwell may occur. Symptoms alone cannot confirm the cause; exposure history and clinical assessment matter.

Avoid handling sick or dead birds and do not touch animal droppings or contaminated material with bare hands. If contact has occurred, wash hands and clothing thoroughly, avoid close contact with other people while unwell, and contact a healthcare service promptly for advice. Mention the animal contact, location, timing and any protective equipment used. Do not self-start leftover antibiotics, because they do not treat influenza viruses.

Arrange prompt medical assessment after a relevant animal exposure if fever, cough, chills, headache, fatigue or feeling generally unwell develops. Seek emergency help for trouble breathing, chest pain, blue or grey lips, confusion, fainting, severe weakness or inability to keep fluids down. Pneumonia can be a serious complication of respiratory infection and needs clinical evaluation.

Ask whether your symptoms and exposure require testing, how long to monitor yourself, whether antiviral treatment is appropriate, and how to reduce contact with household members. Ask what changes should trigger urgent review.