What to expect after a whooping cough vaccine

These effects reflect the immune response and do not mean that the vaccine has caused whooping cough. The vaccine cannot be judged by whether the injection site feels sore.

Tenderness may be limited to the injected arm or thigh, sometimes with a small firm area. A child may be unsettled, sleepy or less interested in food for a short time. Adults can notice headache, muscle discomfort or low energy.

A cough developing after vaccination has many possible causes and is not an expected proof that the vaccine failed. Vaccination reduces the risk and severity of whooping cough but does not treat an infection that is already present.

Keep the day gentle, offer regular fluids and move the vaccinated limb normally. A cool, clean cloth over the injection site may ease local discomfort; avoid rubbing or pressing the area.

If pain or fever medicine is needed, use a product and dose suitable for the person's age, weight and medical history. Check with a pharmacist or clinician when the correct medicine is uncertain, particularly for babies, pregnancy or long-term illness.

Call emergency services for difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, widespread hives, collapse, severe weakness or reduced responsiveness. These signs need urgent assessment regardless of how soon they appear.

Contact a clinician promptly if fever is high or persistent, the person is difficult to wake, a baby feeds poorly, symptoms are worsening, or redness and swelling continue to spread. Mention the vaccine date, the symptoms and any medicines already given.

Ask whether the reaction affects the next scheduled dose, which fever or pain medicine is suitable, and what changes would warrant reassessment. If there was a previous severe reaction, describe exactly what happened rather than relying only on the word allergy.