Clomifene Citrate

Clomifene citrate is a tablet used in some fertility treatment plans. It acts on oestrogen feedback pathways so the brain releases signals that encourage the ovaries to develop and release an egg. It is mainly considered when ovulation is irregular or absent, after a clinician assesses the person's history and treatment goals.

Clomifene has a selective effect on oestrogen receptors. By making the body sense less oestrogen feedback at the relevant control centres, it can increase follicle-stimulating and luteinising hormone signals. Follicles may then grow and ovulation may occur. Response varies, so treatment is monitored and adjusted by a fertility clinician.

Clomifene citrate may be used as part of ovulation induction, with timing based on the menstrual cycle. The team may use ultrasound, hormone assessment or other monitoring to see how the ovaries respond. It is not suitable for every cause of infertility and does not replace evaluation of sperm, tubes, the uterus or other factors.

Depending on the reason for irregular ovulation, alternatives may include another oral medicine, injectable hormone treatment or a different assisted-reproduction plan. The choice depends on diagnosis, previous response, ovarian reserve, pregnancy plans and safety considerations. Do not switch or repeat cycles without the prescribing team's advice.

Take clomifene only as prescribed and follow the cycle calendar carefully. Possible effects include hot flushes, headache, nausea, breast discomfort or mood changes. Contact the clinic for severe pain, marked abdominal swelling, breathing difficulty or visual symptoms. Tell the team about new medicines and any chance of pregnancy.

Clomifene is prescribed for defined treatment cycles rather than continuous unsupervised use. Monitoring helps identify an inadequate response or an excessive ovarian response. Multiple pregnancy is a recognised possibility with ovulation-stimulating treatment, and the clinician will discuss relevant monitoring, warning symptoms and when to seek urgent care.