World Menopause Day: what should you know?

The day helps people learn that menopause is a normal stage of reproductive ageing, not an illness. Menopause is reached after periods have stopped for a sustained period; the transition before it can bring changing cycles and symptoms. Experiences vary widely. Some people notice hot flushes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, low sex drive or menopausal mood changes, while others have few symptoms. Information can reduce embarrassment and make it easier to discuss sleep, relationships, work and long-term health with a clinician.

Use the occasion to record symptoms, cycle changes, sleep disruption and medicines or supplements you already use. Take that record to a qualified clinician and ask which options fit your health history. Support may include lifestyle adjustments, practical symptom measures, psychological support or prescribed treatment. Ask about vaginal symptoms separately, because local treatments and non-hormonal options may differ from treatments for flushes. You can also share reliable information with a partner or family member so conversations are based on what you are experiencing.

Arrange an assessment for bleeding after menopause, bleeding that is unusually heavy, new pelvic pain, or symptoms that interfere with sleep, work, sex or daily activities. Seek urgent help for severe pain, fainting, heavy bleeding with weakness, chest pain, sudden breathlessness or one-sided leg swelling. A clinician can separate menopause-related symptoms from other conditions and check unexpected bleeding rather than assuming it is part of the transition.

Ask: Could my symptoms be related to menopause or another condition? Which treatments are suitable with my medical history? What should I do about vaginal symptoms or sleep problems? How should unexpected bleeding be assessed? When should I return if symptoms change?