Why do varicose veins in pregnancy cause leg pain and swelling in pregnancy?

As the womb grows, it can press on veins that carry blood towards the heart. Pregnancy hormones also relax vein walls. Blood may then collect more readily in the leg veins, stretching them and producing visible, twisted veins. The surrounding tissues can hold extra fluid, so ankles and legs may feel swollen, heavy, aching or itchy, particularly after standing or later in the day. Symptoms can affect one or both legs.

Gentle walking and regular movement can support circulation. Avoid standing or sitting in one position for long periods, and rest with your legs raised when practical. Sleeping on your side may be more comfortable later in pregnancy. Wear supportive footwear and ask your maternity team whether compression stockings are suitable and how to fit them. Do not start medicines or supplements for vein symptoms without pregnancy-specific advice.

Contact your maternity team promptly if swelling appears suddenly, is much worse in one leg, or comes with warmth, redness or marked tenderness. Seek emergency help for chest pain, sudden breathlessness or coughing blood. Also report severe headache, vision changes or sudden swelling of the face and hands, as these need pregnancy assessment.

Ask whether your pattern of swelling fits varicose veins, whether compression stockings are appropriate, and which activities are safe for you. Ask which changes should be reported urgently and whether symptoms are likely to settle after birth.