Why Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause Can Cause Bleeding After Menopause

Lower oestrogen after menopause changes the vaginal and vulval lining. It can become thinner, less moist and more delicate, with less protection from friction. Bleeding may follow sex, a pelvic examination, wiping or minor irritation. Genitourinary changes around the urethra can also cause blood noticed when passing urine, which may be mistaken for vaginal bleeding.

Bleeding after menopause has other possible causes, including cervical or uterine conditions, polyps, infection and medication effects. Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause is one explanation, not a diagnosis that can be made from bleeding alone. Assessment helps identify the source and choose appropriate care.

Contact a doctor or gynaecology service about any bleeding after menopause, even if it is light, happens once or follows sex. Note when it occurred, how much you saw, whether it followed penetration, and whether there was pain, discharge or urinary blood. Avoid inserting products or using perfumed washes until you have advice.

A clinician may examine the vagina and cervix and decide whether further tests are needed. Treatment for tissue-related symptoms can include moisturisers, lubricants or prescribed local therapy, depending on the findings and your medical history.

Seek urgent medical help for heavy or ongoing bleeding, severe pelvic pain, dizziness, fainting, fever or feeling very unwell. Prompt assessment is also needed if bleeding keeps returning, occurs after sex repeatedly or comes with unusual discharge. Do not delay because the bleeding is painless.

Ask where the blood appears to be coming from, whether your medicines or vaginal tissue changes could contribute, and whether an examination or additional testing is appropriate. Tell the clinician about hormone therapy, blood thinners, pain, discharge and urinary symptoms.