When is tendon repair surgery recommended for patellar tendon rupture?

The patellar tendon connects the kneecap to the shinbone and works with the quadriceps to straighten the knee. A rupture may cause a pop, pain, swelling, a low position of the kneecap and difficulty lifting the straight leg. The clinician checks the extensor mechanism and may use imaging to define the tear and look for associated injury.

A complete tear commonly needs operative repair because the separated tendon cannot transmit the force needed for active knee extension. A partial tear with preserved straight-leg control may sometimes be managed with immobilisation and rehabilitation, depending on examination findings. Treatment is individualised around tissue quality, health and functional needs.

Arrange urgent orthopaedic assessment after a suspected rupture. Keep the knee supported in the position advised, avoid walking without help if the knee gives way, and do not attempt forceful bending or straightening. After repair, rehabilitation usually progresses from protection and controlled motion to quadriceps strengthening. Read more about [Tendon Repair Surgery](/treatments/reconstructive-orthopedic-surgery/tendon-repair-surgery/).

Seek immediate assessment for inability to lift the leg, a rapidly enlarging knee, severe pain after injury, an open wound, new numbness, or a foot that is cold, pale or blue. A locked knee, suspected fracture or inability to walk safely also warrants prompt care.

Ask whether the tear is complete, how the kneecap position and extensor mechanism are affected, and why repair is advised. Discuss immobilisation, expected knee movement, physiotherapy stages, driving and work restrictions, and warning signs during recovery.