When Is Skin Cancer Surgery Recommended for Melanoma?

The main operation is a wider local excision, which removes the melanoma and a planned margin of surrounding skin. The margin is based on the pathology report and clinical assessment. Some people may also be offered a sentinel lymph node procedure to check whether melanoma cells have reached the first draining lymph node. If melanoma has spread beyond the original skin site, surgery may be combined with medicines or other specialist treatment rather than used alone.

Ask for the pathology report to be explained in plain language, including the melanoma depth, ulceration if present, and whether the edges are clear. Tell the team about medicines, allergies, previous operations, and other health conditions. Before surgery, clarify the anaesthetic, likely wound closure, activity restrictions, and how the scar will be monitored. Keep the biopsy site clean and protected while waiting for the treatment plan.

A changing pigmented lesion, a new dark spot, or a mole that bleeds, crusts, itches persistently, or develops an uneven border needs prompt dermatology assessment. Following surgery, seek advice for persistent bleeding, increasing swelling, pus, fever, worsening pain, or a wound that opens. Report new lumps near the scar or in the nearby drainage area without waiting for a routine visit.

Ask what the pathology findings mean, how much skin must be removed, whether lymph node assessment is appropriate, who will coordinate further treatment, and how often your skin and lymph node areas should be checked.