What to expect from Mohs surgery for squamous cell carcinoma

After marking the squamous cell carcinoma and giving local anaesthetic, the surgeon removes the visible tumour and a thin layer around it. The tissue is mapped, processed and examined under a microscope during the visit. If tumour cells are seen at a mapped edge, the surgeon removes another layer only from that location and checks it again.

Once the examined edges are clear, the wound is assessed for closure. It may be stitched directly, repaired with nearby skin or a graft, or left to heal under a dressing. Swelling, bruising, soreness, tightness and temporary numbness are possible, especially near delicate facial skin.

Tell the team about medicines, allergies, bleeding problems, implanted devices, smoking and previous operations. Follow their instructions for medicines and skin preparation, and wear practical clothing. Because the visit may include waiting between tissue checks, take something quiet to do if the clinic permits it.

Follow the demonstrated dressing routine and avoid bumping, stretching or soaking the wound. Keep scheduled checks for dressing changes or stitch removal. Once the wound surface has healed, ask when scar care and sun protection can begin. A follow-up plan also helps monitor the treated site and nearby skin.

Call the surgical team if bleeding continues despite the pressure instructions, pain escalates, redness spreads, warmth increases, drainage appears or you develop a fever. Seek urgent care for severe bleeding, trouble breathing, marked facial swelling or rapidly worsening symptoms. Contact the team promptly if the wound separates or the dressing is saturated.

Ask how the tumour's location and features affect the repair, whether you need someone to accompany you, what to do with regular medicines, and which activities to avoid. Ask when the result is reviewed, how the scar is monitored, and what skin changes should prompt another examination.