What to expect from HPV vaccination for HPV infection

The vaccine trains the immune system to recognise selected HPV types before exposure. Someone who already has HPV may still gain protection against types they have not encountered, but vaccination is not a treatment for an existing infection, genital warts, or abnormal cervical cells. It also does not remove the need for cervical screening when screening is recommended.

The schedule depends on age at the first dose, immune health, pregnancy status, and local guidance. Protection develops after the recommended course, so your clinician will explain the appointments needed and whether a previous dose can be counted.

Tell the vaccinator about allergies, a previous reaction to a dose, fainting with injections, immune conditions, and possible pregnancy. Wear clothing that leaves the upper arm accessible and remain seated briefly after the injection if you tend to feel light-headed. Keep a record of the dose and return for scheduled doses. Continue screening and use condoms or other barrier protection because vaccination does not cover every HPV type or prevent every sexually transmitted infection.

A sore arm, mild fever, tiredness, or headache may occur after vaccination and usually settles with simple care advised by your clinician. Seek urgent help for trouble breathing, facial or throat swelling, widespread hives, or collapse after a dose. Contact the vaccination service if a reaction is persistent, severe, or worrying.

Which HPV types does this vaccine cover? How many doses do I need? Can I receive it with my current infection? Should I delay vaccination during pregnancy or illness? Which cervical screening schedule should I follow afterward?