What is the first treatment for heart failure?

Heart failure means the heart is not pumping or filling as effectively as the body needs. The initial review considers breathlessness, swelling, tiredness, blood pressure, pulse, weight and existing conditions. An electrocardiogram may help assess heart rhythm and strain, while further tests can clarify the heart's structure and function. Treatment is selected for the individual rather than from one universal starting medicine.

Keep a record of worsening breathlessness, ankle swelling, sudden weight change and how much activity you can manage. Take prescribed medicines as directed and do not stop them without advice. A chronic disease review can check symptoms, medicines, kidney function and blood pressure over time. Ask about salt, fluid, exercise and vaccinations in the context of your own plan.

Call emergency services for severe breathlessness at rest, blue or grey lips, fainting, new confusion, chest pain or rapidly worsening symptoms. Sit upright while waiting if that makes breathing easier. Contact your clinical team promptly for increasing swelling, repeated night-time breathlessness or a clear change from your usual pattern.

Ask what type of heart failure is suspected, which measurements will be monitored, how each medicine helps, and what change in breathing or swelling should trigger urgent advice.