What is the first treatment tried for head lice?

Head lice live on the scalp and attach their eggs, called nits, to hair close to the scalp. A clinician or pharmacist can help confirm live lice because empty egg cases or dandruff can look similar. Head-lice treatments are designed to kill lice, loosen them, or both; no single product suits every person. Fine-toothed combing helps remove lice and nits and can be useful alongside the chosen product.

Follow the product directions carefully, including how long it stays on the hair and whether a second application is needed. Check household members and close contacts, but treat only people with live lice or as advised by a professional. Wash or isolate recently used hair items and avoid sharing combs, brushes, hats, or headphones until treatment is complete. Comb methodically through wet, conditioned hair if using wet combing, and keep checking for live lice.

Arrange a GP consultation if you are unsure that live lice are present, if the scalp is very sore or infected, or if lice remain after correctly following treatment instructions. Seek prompt care for spreading redness, pus, marked swelling, or a child who seems unusually unwell. Do not layer different lice products or repeat applications early without professional advice.

Ask how live lice were identified, which head-lice treatment is suitable for the person's age, and whether wet combing should be added. Ask when to repeat treatment, how to check close contacts, and what the next step is if live lice are still found.