What Happens If Knee Osteoarthritis Is Not Treated?

Osteoarthritis affects the joint surfaces and surrounding tissues. Symptoms may begin with pain after activity and later appear during ordinary walking or rest. Stiffness can make it harder to climb stairs or rise from a chair. Swelling, clicking or grinding, limping, and a feeling that the knee may give way can change how you move. Reduced activity may weaken the thigh muscles, adding to instability. The pattern and pace vary, so symptoms should be assessed rather than predicted from one sign.

A clinician can assess alignment, movement, strength, swelling, and the pattern of pain. Treatment may combine an appropriate exercise plan, physiotherapy, activity adjustments, and pain relief. Managing flare-ups can make movement easier and help prevent a cycle of avoidance and weakness. If symptoms continue to restrict essential activities despite non-surgical care, a discussion about surgical options may be appropriate.

Seek urgent assessment after a major injury, sudden inability to bear weight, a locked knee, or a hot red joint with fever. Arrange a routine review for persistent knee pain or swelling, repeated giving way, increasing limping, or difficulty walking and climbing stairs.

What is causing my knee symptoms? Which exercises are safe during a flare? How can I address weakness or giving way? What would indicate that I should discuss another treatment?