What happens if heart failure is not treated?

The heart may have increasing difficulty supplying the body during activity or at rest. Fluid can collect in the lungs, causing shortness of breath, or in the legs and ankles, causing swelling. Tiredness may make ordinary tasks harder, while a fast or irregular heartbeat can feel like palpitations. Symptoms may change gradually, so a person can adapt to them without recognising that the condition is progressing.

Heart failure has different causes and patterns. A clinician may review blood pressure, medicines, heart rhythm and other conditions before choosing a plan. An ECG can help assess the heart’s electrical rhythm, and a chronic disease review can provide ongoing checks.

Arrange a medical assessment if heart failure is suspected or known symptoms are changing. Take prescribed medicines as directed and do not stop them without advice. Keep a record of breathlessness, ankle swelling, fatigue, palpitations and changes in exercise ability. Limit self-treatment with medicines that may affect fluid balance unless a clinician has confirmed they are suitable. Bring your medicine list and recent readings to the appointment.

Seek urgent medical help for severe or rapidly worsening shortness of breath, breathlessness at rest, chest pain, fainting, new confusion, blue or grey lips, or a fast heartbeat with feeling very unwell. Sit upright while waiting for help if breathing is difficult. New or quickly increasing swelling also warrants prompt clinical advice, especially when it comes with reduced urine or marked weakness.

Ask what may be causing the heart failure, which symptoms should be tracked, how often your medicines and kidney function need review, and what action plan to follow if breathing or swelling changes. Ask whether an ECG or other assessment is appropriate and which activities are suitable for you.