What does hormone replacement therapy treat?

HRT replaces hormones such as oestradiol when the body is making less than before. It may ease hot flushes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, sleep disruption linked with menopause, and related discomfort. It can also be prescribed when ovarian function stops early, including premature ovarian insufficiency or Turner syndrome. For some people after menopause, it supports bone protection, although the choice depends on personal health factors and other available options.

Arrange a review with a clinician who can consider your symptoms, menstrual or ovarian history, medicines, and relevant medical conditions. HRT comes in different forms, including tablets, patches, gels, sprays, and local vaginal preparations. If you have a womb, progesterone may be needed alongside oestradiol to protect its lining. Do not change a prescribed dose without advice. Keep a short record of symptoms, bleeding, sleep, and treatment effects so adjustments can be considered.

Seek prompt medical advice for unexpected vaginal bleeding, a new breast change, severe headache, chest pain, breathlessness, or one-sided leg swelling after starting treatment. These symptoms can have several causes, but they need assessment. Contact your clinician if symptoms remain troublesome, side effects continue, or bleeding follows a pattern they did not explain.

Ask which symptoms HRT is intended to treat, whether you need both oestradiol and micronised progesterone, which route suits your health history, how bone health will be considered, and when your treatment should be reviewed.