What causes blocked nose?

A common cold can increase mucus for several days. Allergic rhinitis can cause congestion with sneezing, an itchy nose, and watery eyes after exposure to triggers such as dust. House dust mite allergy may cause symptoms indoors or on waking. Sinusitis adds facial pressure, reduced smell, and thick discharge; chronic sinusitis lasts longer or returns repeatedly. A blocked nose at night can worsen mouth breathing and may occur alongside obstructive sleep apnoea, especially when snoring and disrupted sleep are present.

One-sided blockage, frequent nosebleeds, or symptoms that persist without a cold deserve an examination. The [Blocked Nose](/symptoms/blocked-nose/) page explains related symptoms.

Drink fluids, avoid smoke and known irritants, and consider saline spray or rinsing with properly prepared water. A pharmacist can explain whether [Allergy Medication](/treatments/medical-management/allergy-medication/) is suitable. Avoid using decongestant nasal sprays longer than the label advises, because overuse can worsen congestion. Persistent symptoms may need assessment for [Allergic Rhinitis](/conditions/allergic-rhinitis/) or sinus disease.

Seek urgent care for a blocked nose with severe facial swelling, vision changes, a severe headache, confusion, or difficulty breathing. Arrange a routine review if blockage lasts beyond a typical cold, repeatedly affects one side, causes recurrent sinus symptoms, or disturbs sleep.

Ask whether your pattern fits [Common Cold](/conditions/common-cold/), [Sinusitis](/conditions/sinusitis/), or [Chronic Sinusitis](/conditions/chronic-sinusitis/); whether allergy testing is useful; and which spray or medicine is safe for your health conditions.