What are the treatment options for vertebral compression fracture?

A vertebral compression fracture occurs when a spinal bone partially collapses, often causing sudden back pain, height loss, or a change in posture. Imaging helps assess the fracture, its age, spinal alignment, and whether nerves are affected. Treatment also considers bone strength because a weakened spine can be vulnerable to further injury.

Your clinician may recommend pain relief, short-term activity modification, and movement that avoids heavy lifting and repeated bending. A brace can be considered in selected cases, while prolonged bed rest can cause weakness and stiffness. [Bisphosphonate Therapy](/treatments/non-surgical-orthopedics/bisphosphonate-therapy/) may be discussed to address bone fragility. If pain remains disabling after assessment, [Kyphoplasty](/treatments/spine-care/kyphoplasty/) or [Vertebroplasty](/treatments/spine-care/vertebroplasty/) may be considered; these procedures use cement placed inside the vertebra, with different approaches to creating space or restoring shape.

Seek urgent help for new leg weakness, numbness around the groin, loss of bladder or bowel control, fever with severe back pain, or pain after a major fall. Sudden breathlessness or chest pain also requires immediate assessment.

Ask whether the fracture is stable, whether bone-density treatment is needed, what lifting and bending limits apply, and why a cement procedure might or might not suit your symptoms.