What are the treatment options for hammer toe?

Hammer toe is a bend in one of the smaller toes that can create pressure over the joint or at the tip. An early, flexible deformity may respond to shoes with a wider and deeper toe box, soft padding and exercises that maintain movement. Custom orthotics can alter how pressure is shared across the foot and may help address an associated problem such as a high arch or unstable forefoot.

When the toe can no longer be straightened comfortably, or rubbing causes recurring pain or skin breakdown, a foot specialist may discuss surgery. The procedure depends on the joint involved, flexibility, surrounding alignment and your footwear needs. Recovery instructions can include wound care, protected walking and a gradual return to normal shoes.

Wear shoes with enough height and width for the toes, and avoid narrow pointed footwear that presses on the bend. Use only padding that does not create extra pressure or numbness. Check the skin regularly, especially if sensation is reduced, and follow a clinician’s advice about exercises. Do not cut a corn or callus yourself if you have diabetes or circulation problems.

Arrange an assessment when a toe is becoming more bent, pain interferes with walking or a shoe repeatedly rubs the skin. Seek prompt care for an open wound, spreading redness, warmth, drainage, fever, sudden swelling or a toe that changes colour. Early attention can help protect the skin and clarify whether the deformity is flexible or fixed.

Ask whether the toe can still be straightened, what footwear and padding are suitable, and whether an orthotic could improve pressure distribution. If surgery is proposed, ask which joint is being treated, how long protected walking may last, what shoes are realistic afterward and how recurrence risk will be addressed.