What are the treatment options for angina?

Angina is chest discomfort caused by the heart muscle not receiving enough oxygen during demand. A clinician may assess the pattern, triggers, medical history and examination findings, with tests such as an electrocardiogram. Treatment depends on whether symptoms are stable, new or changing. It may include medicine that eases an episode, medicines that reduce the heart's workload, and treatment for blood pressure or cholesterol.

Use prescribed medicines exactly as directed and keep the quick-relief medicine available if one has been prescribed. Your clinician may recommend blood pressure medication, statin therapy, smoking cessation, activity changes and management of diabetes or other risk factors. A review can check whether symptoms are controlled and whether further heart assessment is needed. Never borrow another person's chest-pain medicine, and report new side effects or reduced benefit promptly.

Call emergency services for chest discomfort that is severe, lasts longer than expected, occurs at rest, spreads to the arm, jaw, back or neck, or comes with sweating, nausea, breathlessness or faintness. A new or worsening pattern needs urgent assessment because it may signal a more serious heart problem. Stop activity and follow your prescribed emergency plan while waiting for help.

Ask which symptoms fit your angina pattern, how to use quick-relief medicine, which activity is appropriate, whether your medicines interact, and when an ECG or specialist review is needed.