What are the symptoms of stroke?

A person may develop weakness or numbness affecting the face, arm, or leg on one side. Speech may become slurred, confused, or difficult to understand, and understanding others may suddenly become difficult. Blurred or lost vision, severe dizziness, trouble walking, poor coordination, or a sudden severe headache can also occur. Symptoms vary according to the area of the brain affected; do not wait for every sign to appear.

Call emergency services immediately if stroke is possible. Note the time the person was last known to be well, keep them safe and supported, and do not give food, drink, or medicines unless emergency professionals advise it. Do not drive them yourself if an ambulance is available. Conditions such as [Hypertension](/conditions/hypertension/) and [Atrial Fibrillation](/conditions/atrial-fibrillation/) can raise stroke risk, but symptoms require urgent action regardless of known history.

Treat any sudden [Weakness on One Side](/symptoms/weakness-on-one-side/), facial change, [Slurred Speech](/symptoms/slurred-speech/), confusion, or [Blurred Vision](/symptoms/blurred-vision/) as an emergency. This applies even if the symptoms improve or disappear, because a brief episode may be a warning of a more serious event. Do not wait for a routine appointment.

After urgent assessment, ask what caused the symptoms, which tests were performed, and what warning signs should prompt immediate return. Discuss prevention, including management of blood pressure, cholesterol, heart rhythm, and diabetes.