What are the symptoms of gastroenteritis?

Symptoms often begin fairly suddenly and may affect the stomach and bowel together. Watery stools, repeated vomiting, cramping and tiredness are typical features. A child may be less interested in drinking or have fewer wet nappies. Blood in stool is not a routine feature and needs medical advice. Gastroenteritis may be caused by an infection such as rotavirus, but symptoms alone do not identify the exact cause.

Take frequent small sips of water or an oral rehydration solution, especially after diarrhoea or vomiting. Continue light foods when able to eat, and wash hands carefully after using the toilet and before preparing food. Avoid preparing food for other people while unwell. Oral Rehydration Therapy can help replace fluid and salts; people who cannot keep fluids down may need IV Fluid Therapy after assessment.

Seek urgent medical help for severe or worsening abdominal pain, blood in stool, confusion, fainting, very little urine, a dry mouth with marked weakness, or inability to keep fluids down. Contact a clinician promptly for an infant, an older adult, pregnancy, or a person with a condition that increases dehydration risk. A GP Consultation can help when symptoms are persistent or the diagnosis is uncertain.

How can I tell whether I am becoming dehydrated? What fluids are suitable for me? Do I need testing for an infection? When should vomiting or diarrhoea be treated urgently?