What are the symptoms of cancer of unknown primary?

Cancer of unknown primary is diagnosed when cancer cells are found but tests do not identify where the cancer began. Symptoms often reflect the site where it has spread. A neck lump, bone discomfort, abdominal symptoms, swollen nodes, or reduced appetite may occur. These changes also have many non-cancer causes, so a symptom alone cannot identify the diagnosis.

Arrange a clinical assessment if a symptom persists, returns, or is worsening. The assessment may include an examination, blood tests, scans, and a biopsy. Specialists may use a PET-CT Scan to look for active areas and Genomic Tumour Profiling to study features of the tumour. Bring a list of symptoms, medicines, previous illnesses, and any earlier scan or biopsy results.

Seek urgent medical help for severe or rapidly worsening pain, trouble breathing, new weakness, confusion, heavy bleeding, or inability to keep fluids down. Contact a clinician promptly for a growing lump, continuing weight loss, persistent fever, or night sweats. Urgency depends on the symptom and its severity, not on whether cancer is suspected.

Which symptom needs attention first? What tests will help locate the primary site? When should I expect results? How will symptoms be controlled while testing continues?