What are the risk factors for gastritis?

Gastritis is inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining. Helicobacter pylori infection can disturb the lining and is a common contributor. Regular or heavy alcohol use can irritate it directly. Anti-inflammatory pain medicines, including ibuprofen and aspirin, may reduce some of the stomach's protective mechanisms, especially with frequent use or when combined with other risks.

Smoking may delay healing and aggravate stomach irritation. Severe illness, major injury, burns, or other intense physical stress can also be associated with gastritis. Immune-system conditions and increasing age may make certain forms more likely. These factors do not confirm gastritis: symptoms such as upper-abdominal discomfort, nausea, or indigestion can have other causes.

Review regular medicines, over-the-counter painkillers, supplements, and alcohol intake with a clinician or pharmacist. Do not stop prescribed aspirin or another medicine without advice, because the reason you take it may matter. If Helicobacter pylori is suspected, testing and treatment can be discussed rather than trying leftover antibiotics.

Avoid smoking, keep meals comfortable for you, and notice whether alcohol or particular medicines worsen symptoms. A clinician may ask about pain timing, vomiting, appetite, stool changes, and previous stomach problems. Treatment depends on the cause and may involve removing an irritant, treating infection, or reducing acid while the lining heals.

Arrange medical advice for ongoing or returning upper-abdominal pain, nausea, early fullness, or indigestion, particularly if you use anti-inflammatory medicines or have a possible infection risk. Seek urgent care for vomiting blood, black or tarry stools, fainting, severe or worsening pain, repeated vomiting, or signs of dehydration. Unplanned weight loss, difficulty swallowing, or persistent loss of appetite also needs prompt assessment.

Ask: Could my medicines or alcohol be irritating my stomach? Should I be tested for Helicobacter pylori? What symptoms would mean I need urgent help? How should I take any stomach treatment, and when should symptoms improve?