What are the first signs of gonorrhoea?

Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection that can affect the genitals, throat or rectum. A gonorrhoea presentation may include painful urination, vaginal discharge, discharge from the penis, pelvic discomfort or testicular pain. Symptoms can be mild, appear after an interval, or be absent altogether. The presence of a symptom does not establish gonorrhoea, and no symptoms do not rule it out.

Untreated infection can travel upwards in the reproductive tract and contribute to pelvic inflammatory disease. It can also be passed to sexual partners, including when the infected person feels well.

Arrange STI screening if you have symptoms, a new diagnosis in a partner, or concern after sexual contact. Until you have spoken with a clinician, avoid sex or use protection and tell recent partners that testing may be appropriate. Do not use leftover antibiotics: the right treatment depends on the infection found and local clinical advice. A clinician can explain testing sites, treatment and partner notification confidentially.

Seek prompt medical care for severe pelvic or lower abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, pain or swelling in a testicle, or feeling acutely unwell. Urgent assessment is also needed during pregnancy if gonorrhoea symptoms occur. Arrange testing soon for any new discharge or painful urination, even if symptoms are mild, because infection can be present without a clear warning.

Ask which samples are needed, including whether testing should cover the throat or rectum, when results are expected, and when it is safe to resume sex. You can also ask how partners should be contacted and whether repeat testing or a check for other infections is advised.