What are the first signs of conjunctivitis?

Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the thin surface covering the eye and inner eyelid. One or both eyes may feel gritty, itchy, sore, or as though something is in them. Watery discharge is common, while thicker discharge can dry around the lashes. Light may feel uncomfortable, especially when the eye is quite inflamed. These features can occur with viral, bacterial, or allergic conjunctivitis, so symptoms alone do not identify the cause. A red eye can also have other explanations; see more about [Red Eye](/symptoms/red-eye/) and [Eye Discharge](/symptoms/eye-discharge/).

Wash your hands before and after touching the eye, avoid rubbing it, and do not share towels, pillows, cosmetics, or eye drops. Gently clean away crusting with clean water and a fresh cotton pad for each eye. Remove contact lenses and avoid wearing them until the eye has recovered and a clinician has advised you. A [GP Consultation](/treatments/consultations-and-assessment/gp-consultation/) can clarify the cause; [Antibiotic Treatment](/treatments/medical-management/antibiotic-treatment/) is only useful for some bacterial infections.

Arrange prompt medical assessment for significant eye pain, reduced vision, marked [Light Sensitivity](/symptoms/light-sensitivity/), injury, chemical exposure, or swelling around the eye. Contact-lens wearers should seek advice promptly because infections affecting the cornea need timely treatment. Seek urgent help if vision changes suddenly or the eye becomes severely painful.

Ask which type of conjunctivitis is most likely, whether you should stop contact lenses, how long you may be infectious, and which symptoms would require an urgent review.