What are the alternatives to breast ultrasound?

A [Mammogram](/treatments/diagnostics-and-imaging/mammogram/) uses X-rays to create breast images and may be used for screening or to assess a new change. Ultrasound uses sound waves and is useful for examining a specific area, including a lump, and for helping distinguish fluid-filled from solid tissue.

A [Core Needle Biopsy](/treatments/diagnostics-and-staging/core-needle-biopsy/) is different: it removes small tissue samples so they can be examined. It may be recommended when imaging cannot identify the nature of a finding. Breast changes such as a [Breast Cyst](/conditions/breast-cyst/), [Fibroadenoma](/conditions/fibroadenoma/), or [Fibrocystic Breast Changes](/conditions/fibrocystic-breast-changes/) may need different follow-up, so the diagnosis should not be assumed from the symptom alone.

Tell your clinician whether the change is new, painful, linked to your menstrual cycle, associated with discharge, or accompanied by skin changes. Bring earlier images if available. The team may recommend mammography, ultrasound, both tests, monitoring, or biopsy based on age, pregnancy or breastfeeding, examination findings, and the appearance of the area.

Seek prompt assessment for a new persistent lump, bloody nipple discharge, nipple inversion, skin dimpling, or redness and swelling with fever. A painful red area may need evaluation for a [Breast Abscess](/conditions/breast-abscess/). Do not delay review while deciding which scan seems most convenient.

Ask: What is the likely purpose of the next test? Would mammography add information? Does this finding need tissue sampling? Could it relate to a cyst or duct change? When should the result be reviewed?