What should you know about vulvar Crohn's disease?

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory condition that can affect areas beyond the bowel. Vulvar involvement may cause persistent swelling, redness, cracks, ulcers, drainage, skin tags, or discomfort when walking, sitting, urinating, or having sex. The genital skin can be affected even when bowel symptoms are mild.

These changes are not specific to Crohn's Disease. Infection, irritation, blocked glands, or another skin condition can look similar, so examination is needed before treatment is chosen. Abdominal Pain and Diarrhoea may provide useful context but are not required for a vulvar problem to be assessed.

Arrange a GP Consultation or specialist review. Use lukewarm water and a gentle, fragrance-free cleanser if needed; avoid douching, scented products, tight clothing, and picking at affected skin. Pat dry and wear breathable underwear. Do not apply steroid, antifungal, or antibiotic creams unless a clinician has recommended the specific product.

Tell the clinician about bowel symptoms, mouth ulcers, joint or eye problems, menstrual changes, sexual discomfort, and previous skin treatments. A Blood Test may be part of the assessment, while the skin itself may need careful examination or a swab.

Seek urgent help for rapidly increasing swelling, severe pain, fever, spreading redness, heavy bleeding, inability to pass urine, or feeling very unwell. Prompt review is also appropriate for a new ulcer, persistent drainage, or a painful lump that does not settle.

Ask what conditions could explain the skin changes, whether bowel inflammation may be active, and whether you need a gynaecology, dermatology, or gastroenterology referral. Ask which cleansing products and treatments are safe for the vulvar skin.