What should you know about untreated depression?

Depression is more than a brief period of sadness. Without care, low mood, loss of interest, guilt, hopelessness or low motivation may persist and make ordinary responsibilities harder. Some people notice fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, feeling anxious or changes in appetite. Sleep may become disturbed, with difficulty sleeping or excessive daytime sleepiness; insomnia can also develop or worsen. Symptoms can affect work, study, relationships and self-care, even when a person is trying hard to cope.

Arrange an appointment with a GP, mental-health professional or another qualified clinician. They can discuss your symptoms, sleep, medicines, alcohol or drug use, physical health and safety, then suggest suitable support. Treatment may involve talking therapy, medicine, lifestyle support, or a combination. Keep a simple record of mood, sleep and functioning, and tell someone you trust what you are experiencing. Do not stop prescribed medicine suddenly without medical advice.

Seek urgent help now if you are thinking about suicide, harming yourself or someone else, cannot keep yourself safe, or feel detached from reality. Contact local emergency services or go to the nearest emergency department, and stay with a trusted person if possible. Urgent assessment is also appropriate when you cannot eat, drink, sleep or manage basic care. A sudden severe change in behaviour, confusion or extreme agitation needs prompt medical attention.

Ask: Could these symptoms be depression or another health problem? Which treatment options fit my situation? How soon should we review progress? What should I do if my mood worsens or I have thoughts of self-harm? Could any medicine, sleep problem or substance be affecting my mood?