Types of lymphoma

Hodgkin lymphoma is identified by characteristic abnormal cells in affected tissue. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma includes many B-cell and T-cell lymphomas. Some grow slowly and some behave more aggressively; the grade, subtype, affected sites, and stage all matter. Lymphoma may involve lymph nodes, the spleen, bone marrow, or organs outside the lymphatic system.

Swollen nodes, fever, unexplained weight change, itching, tiredness, or night sweats can occur, but these symptoms also have non-cancer causes. Night sweats alone do not establish lymphoma. A biopsy is usually needed to identify the subtype, while blood tests and PET-CT scanning can help assess the wider pattern of disease.

Ask for the exact lymphoma subtype and grade, because these details guide the treatment discussion. Care may include chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination. If lymphoma returns or does not respond as expected, selected patients may be considered for CAR T-cell therapy or an autologous stem cell transplant. Your team will match the approach to the disease and your health.

Arrange assessment for a persistent or enlarging lump, ongoing fever, drenching night sweats, unexplained weight change, or unusual fatigue. Seek urgent help for severe breathlessness, sudden confusion, new weakness, uncontrolled bleeding, or a rapidly worsening condition.

What is the precise lymphoma subtype and grade? Which biopsy and scan findings support it? What is the purpose of each treatment option? How will response be checked? If treatment does not work or the lymphoma returns, which cellular or transplant options could be relevant?