Trichophyton and ringworm

Ringworm is not caused by a worm. Trichophyton fungi live in the outer layer of skin, hair or nails and can pass through close contact, shared towels, clothing, sports equipment or infected pets. On the body, the rash may be itchy, dry and ring-shaped, with a more active raised edge. Appearance alone cannot always identify the fungus or distinguish it from eczema and other rashes.

The site matters. Infection of the scalp, beard area or nails can need different treatment from a small patch on the body. Scratching can damage the skin and spread organisms to nearby areas or other people.

Have a clinician confirm the diagnosis when the rash is widespread, recurrent, on the scalp or not improving. Use an antifungal treatment exactly as directed and continue for the advised course, even if the surface looks better sooner. Do not use steroid cream alone on a suspected fungal rash because it can alter the appearance and allow infection to spread.

Keep affected skin dry, wash hands after touching it, change clothing and towels regularly, and avoid sharing personal items. Check household pets with a veterinarian if they have hair loss or scaly patches. Wash or clean items that repeatedly touch the affected area.

Arrange prompt assessment for scalp involvement, painful swelling, pus, fever, rapidly spreading redness, broken skin or hair loss in a patch. Seek care when a rash affects someone with reduced immunity, diabetes or another condition that can complicate infection. Reassessment is needed if the rash continues to expand or fails to respond to the prescribed treatment.

Ask which body site is involved, whether a skin scraping or other test is needed, whether topical or oral antifungal treatment is appropriate, how long to use it and how to reduce spread at home or work.