What should you know about trichomonas and trichomoniasis?

Trichomonas is the parasite, while trichomoniasis is the infection it causes in the genitourinary tract. It can be present without symptoms, so a test rather than symptoms alone is used to confirm it.

In people with a vagina, signs can include a change in discharge, itching, irritation, soreness, burning while urinating, or discomfort during sex. The penis or urethra may also be affected. Vaginal discharge and vaginal itching are not specific to trichomoniasis and may have other explanations. A clinician may collect a swab or urine sample, then discuss whether testing for other sexually transmitted infections is suitable.

If testing confirms trichomoniasis, use the prescribed antiparasitic medicine exactly as instructed. Current or recent partners need medical advice because untreated infection can pass back and forth. Avoid sex until everyone has completed treatment and your clinician advises that it is appropriate to resume. Condoms can reduce transmission. Do not rely on douching, scented washes, or leftover medicine.

Seek medical advice for pelvic pain, fever, pain when urinating, bleeding after sex, or symptoms that do not settle after treatment. Pregnancy or a positive test during pregnancy should be discussed promptly with the maternity team. Severe pain, fainting, or feeling very unwell requires urgent assessment.

Ask which test confirmed the infection, whether partner treatment is needed, when you can resume sex, whether repeat evaluation is recommended, and which symptoms should trigger an earlier review.