Treating Anaphylaxis Without an EpiPen

Anaphylaxis is a rapid, severe allergic reaction that can affect breathing, blood pressure, and several body systems. Warning signs include swelling of the lips or tongue, wheezing, throat tightness, trouble breathing, widespread hives, vomiting, dizziness, collapse, or unusual drowsiness. Symptoms can change quickly, and a person may have anaphylaxis without every sign.

An antihistamine may help some skin symptoms but does not replace emergency treatment for airway or circulation problems. Do not wait to see whether symptoms settle.

Call emergency services and say that anaphylaxis is suspected. Lay the person flat with legs raised if comfortable; allow someone who is struggling to breathe to sit with legs extended, and place an unconscious breathing person on their side. Do not let them stand or walk. Remove a suspected food or sting trigger only if this can be done safely. If breathing stops and you are trained, begin resuscitation and follow telephone guidance.

Every suspected anaphylactic reaction needs emergency assessment, even if symptoms improve. Wheezing, throat swelling, faintness, blue or grey lips, confusion, or collapse are especially urgent signs. After recovery, arrange specialist follow-up to identify triggers and make a future emergency plan. Read more about [Anaphylaxis](/conditions/anaphylaxis/), [Anaphylaxis Emergency Treatment](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/anaphylaxis-emergency-treatment/), and [Allergy Testing](/treatments/diagnostics-and-screening/allergy-testing/).

Ask what triggered the reaction, whether you need adrenaline auto-injectors, how to use them, which symptoms require a second dose, and how to reduce exposure to the suspected trigger.