Top left headache

Pain in one area does not identify a single diagnosis. Tight neck or scalp muscles may cause pressure that spreads around the head. Migraine may cause throbbing pain with nausea or sensitivity to light and sound. Congestion, facial pressure or nasal discharge can occur with allergic rhinitis, a common cold or sinus disease. Heat, sweating, vomiting, diarrhoea or too little fluid can contribute to dehydration or heat exhaustion. Fever and marked body aches need attention to the wider illness, including infections that are common in the region.

Rest in a quiet, cool room and drink fluids if you can keep them down. Eat regularly, reduce screen glare and gently relax your jaw, shoulders and neck. Record when the pain starts, its severity, triggers, associated symptoms and any medicine taken. Use only pain relief that is suitable for you and follow the label; frequent use can itself contribute to recurring headaches. Arrange a clinical review if headaches keep returning, change pattern or interfere with normal activities.

Get emergency help for a sudden explosive headache, headache after a head injury, new weakness or numbness, facial drooping, trouble speaking, seizure, fainting, confusion, stiff neck with fever, or new vision loss. Seek prompt medical advice for persistent vomiting, severe dehydration, a high fever, or a headache that is worsening rather than settling. Do not drive yourself if you have neurological symptoms or feel faint.

Tell the clinician when the headache began, whether movement or light changes it, and whether you have congestion, fever, nausea, visual symptoms or neck pain. Ask whether your medicines, blood pressure, hydration, sleep or stress could contribute and which warning signs should change your plan.