This year's flu shot: what should you know?

Flu vaccination uses selected influenza components to train immune recognition without giving you influenza. Protection develops after vaccination and the viruses circulating can change, which is why seasonal recommendations are reviewed. The shot does not prevent every cough or cold. A sore arm, tenderness, tiredness or a mild fever can occur for a short time. Serious allergic reactions are uncommon but need urgent treatment. An inactivated vaccine is one type used for flu prevention; ask which formulation is offered to you.

Ask a pharmacist, nurse or doctor whether the current seasonal vaccine is appropriate, especially if you have had a serious reaction to a previous dose, have an immune condition, are pregnant or are unwell. Tell the vaccinator about allergies and medicines. Wear clothing that allows access to the upper arm, remain for the observation period advised by the service and use a cool compress for local soreness if helpful. Follow the local schedule rather than relying on an earlier season's advice.

Seek urgent help for breathing difficulty, swelling of the face or throat, widespread hives, collapse or severe dizziness after vaccination. Contact a clinician if fever or symptoms are severe, worsening or not settling as expected. A sore arm and mild tiredness can be monitored, but report any reaction that concerns you. If you have flu-like symptoms, ask for advice about testing, treatment and reducing spread to people at higher risk.

Which flu vaccine is recommended for me this season? Is it suitable with my allergies, pregnancy, medicines or health conditions? When should I receive it? What reactions are expected, and which need urgent help? Should I delay vaccination while I am unwell?