Syncope and collapse meaning

A typical faint may have warning signs such as light-headedness, nausea, sweating, blurred vision, or warmth, followed by a quick recovery after lying down. A collapse without loss of consciousness may result from weakness, pain, a balance problem, or an injury. Causes of syncope include a sudden blood pressure drop, dehydration, low blood sugar, anaemia, or an abnormal heart rhythm such as atrial fibrillation. The event needs context: posture, activity, symptoms beforehand, and recovery all help guide assessment.

Help the person lie down safely and check for breathing and responsiveness. Raise the legs if there is no injury and it feels comfortable. Do not give food or drink to someone who is not fully alert. Once recovered, keep them seated or lying down until steady, and arrange medical advice for an unexplained or repeated event. Note what happened immediately before the fall and whether there was shaking, injury, or confusion.

Call emergency services for chest pain, difficulty breathing, severe injury, seizure-like activity, new weakness, speech trouble, persistent confusion, or a heartbeat that feels very fast or irregular. Treat a collapse during exercise, while lying down, or without warning as urgent. Seek prompt review after a first faint or when episodes recur.

Ask whether your blood pressure, heart rhythm, blood count, blood sugar, medicines, and hydration need checking. Discuss how to recognise your personal warning signs and when you should avoid driving or other risky activities.