Sun cancer spots: what to know

Sun-exposed skin can develop harmless marks, inflamed bumps, or pigment changes, as well as lesions that require treatment. Warning features include growth, an irregular outline, multiple colours, a rough or persistent crust, repeated bleeding, tenderness, or a sore that does not heal. A new mark that looks unlike the others also deserves attention. Pimples, folliculitis, acne, razor bumps, and rosacea can create spots or bumps that are unrelated to skin cancer, so appearance alone cannot settle the question.

Make an appointment for a skin examination when a mark is new, changing, symptomatic, or persistent. Record when you first noticed it and take a dated photograph in even lighting; do not repeatedly irritate it to check the surface. Protect the area from more ultraviolet exposure with shade, clothing, and sunscreen used as directed. Avoid cosmetic procedures or home products on an undiagnosed lesion. A clinician may use magnification and decide whether monitoring or a sample is needed.

Seek prompt dermatology advice for a spot that is enlarging, changing colour or shape, bleeding without a clear injury, crusting repeatedly, becoming painful, or failing to heal. Arrange earlier assessment if it is very different from your other marks or sits on an area with substantial past sun exposure. Urgent care is appropriate for uncontrolled bleeding or rapidly worsening swelling, redness, and pain.

Ask what features make the spot reassuring or concerning, whether it should be photographed or sampled, and how soon it should be reviewed. Mention prior sunburns, tanning exposure, immune problems, family history, and any change you have documented.