What should you know about sub patellar bursitis?

Sub-patellar bursitis affects a bursa that reduces rubbing between tissues near the kneecap and patellar tendon. Repeated kneeling, pressure, a knock or irritation can make the area tender, warm or visibly swollen.

The swelling is usually focused in front of the knee rather than deep inside the joint. Bending the knee, kneeling or pressing the area may increase discomfort. A clinician may examine the skin, movement and tenderness, and may use imaging or fluid testing when infection, gout or another cause needs consideration.

Joint swelling can have several causes, so new or persistent swelling deserves an assessment, especially if the skin is hot or the pain is increasing.

Reduce kneeling and direct pressure while symptoms settle. Ice wrapped in a cloth for short periods, comfortable movement and gradual return to activity may help. A clinician or pharmacist can advise whether anti-inflammatory medication is suitable for you, considering stomach, kidney, heart, pregnancy and other health factors.

If symptoms do not improve, treatment may include guided rehabilitation. A cortisone injection or aspiration may be considered in selected cases after examination; aspiration can also provide fluid for testing when infection is a concern.

Seek prompt medical care for rapidly increasing swelling, marked warmth or redness, fever, chills, drainage, severe pain, or difficulty bearing weight. Arrange an appointment if the swelling keeps returning, limits work or sleep, or follows an injury. These features can need assessment for infection or a different knee problem.

Ask: Is the swelling in the bursa or the knee joint? Could infection, gout or an injury explain it? Which activities should I pause, and when can I resume kneeling? Would fluid testing, medication, injection or aspiration be appropriate?