What should you know about stubborn ringworm?

Ringworm is a fungal infection, not a worm. It often causes an expanding, scaly or itchy rash, but several other rashes can look similar. A rash that does not improve may need examination because eczema, psoriasis, contact irritation, or another infection can resemble ringworm.

The fungus can remain on nearby skin, clothing, towels, bedding, sports equipment, or household surfaces. Pets can also carry fungal infection without an obvious patch of hair loss. Scratching may spread the rash to other areas.

Use an antifungal exactly as directed and for the full recommended course; stopping as soon as the edge fades can allow the infection to return. Keep the area clean and dry, wash hands after applying treatment, and avoid sharing towels, clothing, razors, or sports gear.

A clinician may recommend [Topical Antifungal Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-antifungal-therapy/) for limited skin involvement or [Oral Antifungal Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/oral-antifungal-therapy/) when infection is extensive, recurrent, or involves areas where topical treatment is difficult. Do not use a steroid cream alone on a suspected fungal rash, because it can change the appearance and allow it to spread.

Arrange a dermatology review if the rash is spreading, repeatedly returning, affecting the scalp or nails, or not improving after a correctly used treatment. Seek prompt care for marked pain, pus, fever, rapidly increasing redness, or swelling around the eyes.

Bring the products you have used and mention contact with pets, children, shared sports equipment, or another person with a similar rash. A clinician may inspect or test skin scales before changing treatment.

Could this be ringworm or another scaly rash? Do I need a skin scraping or another test? Should household contacts or pets be checked? Which areas should I treat, and for how long?