How to stop bed bugs from biting

Bed bugs hide in mattress seams, bed frames, furniture joints, and nearby cracks. Bites may appear as itchy red bumps, sometimes grouped or arranged in a line, but the skin reaction can vary and may be delayed. Bites alone cannot confirm an infestation; look for live insects, shed skins, dark spotting, or blood marks around sleeping areas.

Arrange inspection and treatment for the room rather than relying on skin products alone. Place washable bedding and clothing through a hot wash and hot dryer cycle when the fabric allows, seal items that cannot be treated, and reduce clutter near the bed. Avoid moving furniture or bedding to another room, because this can spread the insects. An encasement for the mattress and box spring can help contain hiding places. For itch, keep nails short, use a cool compress, and discuss an [Antihistamine Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/oral-antihistamine-therapy/) or [Topical Corticosteroids](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-corticosteroids/) with a clinician.

Seek medical care if swelling is extensive, the skin becomes increasingly warm or painful, pus develops, or scratching causes open sores. Urgent help is needed for facial or throat swelling, breathing difficulty, dizziness, or a rapidly spreading reaction. Persistent itch after the room has been treated may need a different diagnosis or prescription care.

Could this reaction be infected or caused by something other than bites? Which product is suitable for my age, pregnancy status, or other medicines? How should I care for scratched skin while the infestation is being treated?