What should you know about squamous breast cancer?

Squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is named for the appearance of the tumour cells under a microscope. It may present as a breast lump, swelling, pain, skin change, or nipple change, although these findings can also occur with other breast conditions. Imaging cannot by itself establish the cell type. A breast biopsy provides tissue for a pathologist to examine and helps distinguish a primary breast tumour from a squamous cancer that has spread from another site.

The pathology report may describe the tumour grade, hormone receptors, HER2 status, and other features. Imaging of the breast and nearby lymph nodes helps define the extent. The care team uses these findings, rather than the name alone, to discuss treatment.

Assessment may include a mammogram, ultrasound, breast MRI, and a needle biopsy. A sentinel lymph node biopsy may help check the first draining lymph nodes when surgery is planned. Gene-expression testing or genomic tumour profiling may be considered when the results could add useful information for treatment decisions. Treatment can involve surgery, radiotherapy, medicines, or a combination. The choice depends on tumour size, lymph-node findings, pathology, and whether disease is present elsewhere.

Arrange prompt assessment for a new breast lump, skin thickening, a persistent nipple change, bloody discharge, or a breast area that changes quickly. Seek urgent help for severe illness, rapidly expanding swelling, or breathing difficulty. These symptoms do not prove cancer, but a changing breast finding should be examined rather than monitored without advice.

Ask whether the biopsy confirms a primary squamous breast tumour and what the pathology report shows about receptors, grade, and lymph nodes. Discuss which scans are needed, whether genomic testing could inform decisions, and how surgery, radiotherapy, or medicines fit your situation.