Skin care for dark spots and hyperpigmentation

Hyperpigmentation is extra colour in an area of skin. It may follow acne, irritation, injury, hormonal changes or repeated light exposure. Dark patches can look tan, brown or grey, and the shade may vary with skin tone. New or changing pigmentation deserves an assessment because several conditions can look alike.

A useful starting point is the symptom guide for [Dark Patches On Skin](/symptoms/dark-patches-on-skin/). A clinician can check the pattern, surface and history before suggesting a lightening plan.

Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen on exposed skin and reapply as directed, especially outdoors. Cleanse gently, moisturise, and avoid scrubbing, picking or stacking several strong active products. Introduce one new product at a time and stop it if burning, swelling or a rash develops. Treatment options may include [Skin Brightening Treatment](/treatments/aesthetic-procedures/skin-brightening-treatment/), [Chemical Peel](/treatments/aesthetic-procedures/chemical-peel/), [IPL Photofacial](/treatments/laser-and-energy/ipl-photofacial/), [Picosecond Laser Treatment](/treatments/laser-and-energy/picosecond-laser-treatment/) or prescribed [Hydroquinone Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-hydroquinone-therapy/), depending on the diagnosis and skin sensitivity.

Arrange a dermatology review if a spot changes quickly, bleeds, crusts, becomes painful, or differs noticeably from nearby marks. Seek advice when pigmentation follows a new medicine, affects the eyes or mouth, or does not settle after the triggering irritation stops.

Could this pattern be post-inflammatory colour, melasma or another condition? Which ingredients suit my skin? How should I combine treatment with sunscreen, and what signs mean I should stop?