What should you know about skin care for blackheads and big pores?

A blackhead is an open comedone: oil and dead skin cells collect in a pore, and the exposed material darkens when it reacts with air. Pore size is influenced by oil production, skin structure, and the surrounding tissue; products can make pores look less noticeable but cannot erase their structure. Blackheads may occur alone or as part of comedonal acne.

Cleanse without scrubbing, use non-comedogenic moisturiser, and protect your skin from the sun. A topical retinoid may help keep pores from becoming blocked, but introduce it gradually and follow professional advice, especially if you are pregnant or planning pregnancy. Do not squeeze, use rough pore strips repeatedly, or layer several irritating products. A trained practitioner can discuss careful extraction when appropriate; persistent or widespread acne may need medical treatment.

Book a dermatology assessment when blackheads persist despite a consistent routine, return quickly, or occur with inflamed spots, tenderness, nodules, or scarring. Seek advice before using prescription-strength treatment if you have eczema, very sensitive skin, or are pregnant. Painful swelling, spreading redness, or fever needs prompt medical attention.

Are these blackheads or another type of bump? Would a topical retinoid suit my skin? Is extraction appropriate, and how can I avoid irritation or scarring?