What should you know about skin cancer that is not melanoma?

Non-melanoma skin cancer is a broad everyday term rather than one single diagnosis. Basal cell carcinoma often grows locally, while squamous cell carcinoma can behave more aggressively and may spread. A rough patch, persistent sore, firm nodule, or bleeding growth can have several causes, so appearance does not identify the cancer type.

A clinician examines the skin and may take a biopsy. The pathology result describes the cells and features that guide the next step. Staging is considered when the tumour has features that make spread more concerning; a [Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy](/treatments/diagnostics-and-staging/sentinel-lymph-node-biopsy/) is used only in selected situations.

Keep the area protected and avoid picking or attempting removal at home. Treatment depends on the cancer type, site, depth, borders, and your general health. Options may include [Excisional Surgery](/treatments/surgical-dermatology/excisional-surgery/), [Skin Cancer Surgery](/treatments/surgical-dermatology/skin-cancer-surgery/), or [Tumour Removal Surgery](/treatments/surgical-oncology/tumour-removal-surgery/). Some advanced or selected cancers may need [Immunotherapy](/treatments/systemic-therapy/immunotherapy/). Follow-up after treatment helps the team check healing and look for new or returning lesions.

Arrange prompt assessment for a lesion that grows, changes, crusts repeatedly, bleeds, hurts, or fails to heal. Seek urgent care for bleeding that does not stop with pressure, rapidly spreading redness with fever, or severe pain and swelling. New neurological symptoms in someone with known advanced cancer require urgent medical attention; [Brain Metastases](/conditions/brain-metastases/) is a separate condition that doctors assess in specific circumstances.

Ask which cell type is present, whether the biopsy is complete, whether margins or staging matter, which treatment fits the location, how the wound will heal, and how often you should have skin checks.