Shortness of breath and stuffy nose: could it be COVID?

A blocked nose can make breathing feel harder because airflow through the nose is reduced. COVID may cause nasal congestion, cough, fever, tiredness or changes in taste and smell, although symptoms vary. Shortness of breath can also reflect asthma, acute bronchitis or COPD, and a stuffy nose does not identify the cause. A clinician may consider your breathing pattern, oxygen level, chest sounds, medical history and any exposure to infection.

Rest, drink fluids if you can, and avoid smoke or strenuous activity while breathless. Consider a COVID test according to current local advice, and reduce close contact with others while you have new respiratory symptoms. Use prescribed inhalers exactly as directed; do not borrow someone else’s medicine. Note when breathlessness began, whether it occurs at rest or with movement, and whether fever, chest pain or blue lips are present.

Seek emergency help for severe or rapidly worsening breathlessness, inability to speak in full sentences, new confusion, fainting, blue or grey lips, or severe chest pain. Arrange urgent medical assessment if breathing is difficult at rest, symptoms are worsening, or you have significant heart or lung disease, are pregnant, or have a weakened immune system. A clinician can decide whether testing or treatment is needed.

Ask whether your symptoms fit COVID, asthma or another chest condition; whether you need an examination or repeat testing; and which changes should prompt emergency care.