Scaly Ringworm: How to Recognise and Treat It

Ringworm does not come from a worm; it is caused by fungi that grow in the outer layer of skin. A patch may be round or irregular, with scale, itch, and a border that becomes more noticeable as it expands. It can affect the body, groin, feet, hands, or scalp, and appearance can vary by body site. Contact with an infected person, animal, or shared item may spread it. Eczema and psoriasis can resemble ringworm, so a clinician may examine the edge or test skin before confirming the diagnosis.

Keep the area clean and dry, wash hands after touching it, and avoid scratching. Do not share towels, clothing, bedding, brushes, or sports equipment; wash items that touch the patch and let them dry thoroughly. A local infection may be treated with a topical antifungal, while extensive, recurrent, scalp, or hard-to-treat infection may need oral antifungal treatment prescribed after assessment. Use the recommended course as directed and avoid steroid-only treatment, which can alter the appearance and allow fungal infection to persist.

Arrange an assessment if the patch is on the scalp, beard area, nails, or genitals, if it is widespread, painful, draining, or not improving with appropriate treatment, or if a child or someone with reduced immunity is affected. Seek prompt care for fever, rapidly increasing redness, swelling, or pus. A clinician can check for another diagnosis and decide whether close contacts or pets also need attention.

Does the border look fungal, or should the skin be tested? Is a topical or oral antifungal more suitable for this site? How long should I use it? Should household members, pets, or shared items be checked?