Remedies for nausea and vomiting

Nausea is the unsettled feeling that may come before vomiting, while vomiting forces stomach contents back up. Causes range from a stomach infection or food poisoning to migraine, medication effects, pregnancy or a problem affecting the abdomen. Vomiting is a symptom rather than a diagnosis, so its pattern, accompanying pain and ability to keep fluids down matter.

Rest and take small, frequent sips of water or an oral rehydration drink. If vomiting follows a sip, pause briefly and try again more slowly. Once fluids stay down, try plain foods such as toast, rice, bananas or soup, and avoid alcohol, rich meals and strong smells. Wash hands carefully if an infection is possible. Do not take anti-sickness medicines, especially for a child or during pregnancy, without checking that they are suitable.

Get urgent medical help for blood or coffee-ground material in vomit, green vomit, severe or localised abdominal pain, a stiff neck with headache, confusion, fainting, chest pain or trouble breathing. Seek prompt advice if you cannot keep fluids down, are passing very little urine, have a dry mouth or worsening weakness. Babies, older adults and people with significant health conditions can become dehydrated quickly.

Ask what may be causing the vomiting, which fluids are suitable, whether you need an anti-sickness medicine, and what symptoms should prompt an emergency review.