What should you know about problems during menopause?

As ovarian hormone levels change, periods may become irregular before stopping. Hot flushes and night sweats can interrupt sleep, while mood changes, anxiety, low mood, poor concentration and tiredness may affect work and relationships. Vaginal dryness can make sex uncomfortable and may cause irritation or urinary symptoms. Some people also notice lower sexual desire. Pelvic floor weakness can contribute to pelvic pressure or a vaginal bulge, which may indicate pelvic organ prolapse and deserves assessment.

Track bleeding, flushes, sleep, mood and vaginal or urinary symptoms so a clinician can see patterns. Cooling layers, regular movement, a steady sleep routine and avoiding personal triggers may help some people. Lubricants or moisturisers can ease vaginal discomfort. A clinician can discuss hormone treatment, non-hormonal medicines, talking therapies and pelvic-floor support according to your symptoms and medical history. Do not assume every new symptom is menopause, especially if it is severe or unusual for you.

Seek review for bleeding after periods have stopped, bleeding between periods, persistent pelvic pain, pain during sex, a new vaginal bulge, or mood symptoms that feel overwhelming. Get urgent help for very heavy bleeding, severe pain, fainting, chest pain, sudden breathlessness or thoughts of harming yourself.

Ask which symptoms fit menopause, what alternatives should be ruled out, and which treatment matches your medical history, symptom priorities and personal preferences.