Leg swelling during pregnancy: what to know

Pregnancy can increase fluid in the body. Pressure from the growing uterus may also slow blood returning from the legs, especially after standing or later in the day. Swelling often affects both feet or ankles and may improve after rest. Varicose veins can add heaviness or aching. Leg swelling is a symptom rather than a diagnosis; chronic kidney disease, heart failure and other conditions can also cause fluid retention.

Avoid standing still for long periods and change position regularly. When resting, raise your legs comfortably and choose supportive, roomy footwear. Gentle walking and ankle movements can encourage circulation. Sleep on your side if that is comfortable, and keep fluids at your usual recommended level rather than deliberately restricting drinks. Do not take water tablets or use compression garments without advice from your maternity clinician, particularly if swelling is new or uneven.

Seek urgent maternity or emergency advice for sudden swelling of the face or hands, a severe headache, vision changes, upper abdominal pain, or feeling very unwell. Get prompt assessment for swelling that is mainly in one leg, especially with calf pain, warmth, redness or tenderness. Chest pain, sudden breathlessness, coughing blood or fainting requires emergency help. Contact your maternity team if swelling rapidly worsens or does not settle with rest.

Is my swelling typical for this stage of pregnancy? Should my blood pressure and urine be checked? Would compression socks be suitable for me? What changes in swelling should make me call the maternity unit?